Les meilleurs acteurs de l'histoire du cinéma (Mai 2024)
Spencer Tracy, dans son intégralité Spencer Bonaventure Tracy, (né le 5 avril 1900 à Milwaukee, Wisconsin, États-Unis - décédé le 10 juin 1967 à Beverly Hills, Californie), star de cinéma américain taillé à la dure qui a été l'une des plus grandes têtes de file masculines d'Hollywood et la première L'acteur recevra deux Oscars consécutifs du meilleur acteur.
Quiz
École de cinéma: réalité ou fiction?
En cinéma, la prise de clé est en charge de l'éclairage.
En tant que jeune, Tracy était ennuyé par le travail scolaire et a rejoint l'US Navy à l'âge de 17 ans. Malgré son dégoût pour les universitaires, il est finalement devenu un étudiant en formation au Ripon College du Wisconsin. Pendant qu'il était là, il a auditionné et a gagné un rôle dans la pièce de théâtre et a découvert que jouer était plus à son goût que la médecine. En 1922, il se rend à New York, où lui et son ami Pat O'Brien s'inscrivent à l'American Academy of Dramatic Arts. Cette même année, les deux hommes ont fait leurs débuts communs à Broadway, jouant des rôles de robots dans le RUR de Karel Čapek.Pendant les huit années à venir, Tracy a rebondi entre les pièces en vedette dans les pièces de Broadway de courte durée et les rôles principaux dans les sociétés par actions régionales, atteignant finalement la célébrité lorsque il a été choisi comme condamné à mort Killer Mears dans le coup de Broadway de 1930 The Last Mile. Il est ensuite apparu dans deux sujets courts Vitaphone,mais il était mécontent de lui-même et pessimiste quant à ses chances d'obtenir la célébrité d'écran.
Nevertheless, director John Ford hired Tracy to star in the 1930 feature film Up the River, which resulted in a five-year stay at Fox Studios in Hollywood. Although few of his Fox films were memorable—excepting perhaps Me and My Gal (1932), 20,000 Years in Sing Sing (1932), and The Power and the Glory (1933)—his tenure at the studio enabled him to develop his uncanny ability to act without ever appearing to be acting. His friend Humphrey Bogart once attempted to describe the elusive Tracy technique: “[You] don’t see the mechanism working, the wheels turning. He covers up. He never overacts or is hammy. He makes you believe what he is playing.” For his part, Tracy always denied that he had come up with any sort of magic formula. Whenever he was asked the secret of great acting, he usually snapped, “Learn your lines!”
In 1935 he was signed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, where he would do some of his best work, beginning with his harrowing performance as a lynch-mob survivor in Fritz Lang’s Fury (1936). He received his first of nine Oscar nominations for San Francisco (1936) and became the first actor to win two consecutive Academy Awards, for his performance as the Portuguese fisherman Manuel in Captains Courageous (1937) and for his role as the priest who founded the eponymous facility in Boys Town (1938). In the course of his two decades at MGM he settled gracefully into character leads, conveying everything from paternal bemusement in Father of the Bride (1950) to grim determination in Bad Day at Black Rock (1955). In later years his health was eroded by respiratory ailments and a lifelong struggle with alcoholism, but Tracy worked into the early 1960s, delivering exceptionally powerful performances in producer-director Stanley Kramer’s Inherit the Wind (1960) and Judgment at Nuremberg (1961).
Married since 1923 to former actress Louise Treadwell, Tracy lived apart from his wife throughout most of their marriage, though as a strict Roman Catholic he refused to consider divorce. From 1942 onward, he maintained a warm, intimate relationship with actress Katharine Hepburn. Tracy and Hepburn were also memorably teamed in nine films, including Woman of the Year (1942), Adam’s Rib (1949), Pat and Mike (1952), Desk Set (1957), and Kramer’s Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner (1967), which was completed three weeks before Tracy’s death.
