La ville de Fès au Maroc est magnifique - ZAPPING NOMADE (Mai 2024)
Fès, également orthographié Fès, arabe Fās, ville, nord du Maroc, sur l'oued Fès juste au-dessus de son afflux dans la rivière Sebou.
Quiz
Villes du monde
Dans quelle ville le premier gratte-ciel a-t-il été construit?
La plus ancienne des quatre villes impériales du Maroc, elle a été fondée sur les rives de l'oued Fès par Idrīs I (rive est, environ 789) et Idrīs II (rive ouest, environ 809). Les deux parties ont été unies par les Almoravides au 11ème siècle pour devenir une grande ville islamique. Fès a atteint son apogée en tant que centre d'apprentissage et de commerce sous les Marīnides au milieu du 14ème siècle et a conservé sa primauté religieuse à travers les âges. Le traité de Fès (30 mars 1912) établit le protectorat français au Maroc.
The city is almost completely surrounded by low hills covered with olive groves and orchards. The ancient battlements of Fès, flanked by stone towers, still partly enclose the old city, which is known as the Fès el-Bali. The old city contains the 9th-century Qarawīyīn Mosque and is the seat both of a famous Islamic university (founded 859) and of the Sidi Mohammed ibn Abdellah University (founded 1974); it is also the sanctuary (zāwiyah) of Idrīs I and houses the tomb of Idrīs II. The old city contains a number of well-preserved funduqs (caravansaries). The Fès el-Jedid (New Fès) section of the city, founded in the 13th century by the Marīnids, contains the Royal Palace and the adjoining Great Mosque, which is noted for its 13th-century polychrome minaret. Just south of the Royal Palace is the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; many of the Jewish goldsmiths, silversmiths, and jewelers who once lived there immigrated to Israel in the decades following the founding of the Jewish state (1948). The modern section of the city, the Ville Nouvelle, lies on a plateau to the southwest; it was founded by Marshal L.-H.-G. Lyautey of France in 1916. The city’s industrial quarter is in this district, near the railway station.
Fès is a centre for trade and traditional crafts, and until the late 19th century it was the only place in the world where the fez (brimless red felt hat in the shape of a truncated cone) was made. Most of the city’s traditional crafts, such as leatherwork and pottery making, are practiced in the narrow, winding streets of the old city and are sold in that section’s traditional marketplaces, or sūqs. Tourism is a major industry in Fès. The old city was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1981. Fès has an international airport. The area in which Fès is situated produces cereals (primarily wheat), beans, olives, and grapes; sheep, goats, and cattle are also raised. Pop. (2004) 946,815; (2014) 1,091,512.
